The Two Sonographers Australia Isn’t Training


The Trainee, and the Person Meant to Teach Them

Why IUE is investing in both ends of the clinical pipeline

and why every experienced sonographer should care.

 

Narelle Morin – Director and Tutor sonographer

 

Australia is short thousands of sonographers and is not catching up. Every workforce conversation lands on the same answer: train more. Almost nobody is talking about who is meant to do the training or what it is costing them.

The numbers are no longer in dispute. Australia has approximately 7,820 accredited sonographers — roughly one for every 3,470 people — and around a quarter of the workforce is expected to retire within the next decade. The ASA’s 2024 employer survey estimated a 20–30% undersupply, with almost half of all advertised positions going unfilled.

That is the crisis everyone talks about. The second one, the one that decides whether the gap ever closes, sits inside our clinical training pipeline.

 

The bottleneck nobody can build their way out of

Every conversation about Australia’s sonographer shortage eventually arrives at the same wall: clinical training placements.

To graduate as an Australian sonographer, students need to complete a recommended minimum of three days per week of supervised clinical training over two years — the equivalent of around 2200 hours. With roughly 70% of diagnostic imaging delivered in private practice, the bulk of that training capacity sits with private clinics that are increasingly unable to absorb the cost, financial, time and productivity of supervising a student.

So, we have a profession in critical shortage that depends on private businesses to train its replacements, while those same businesses are themselves understaffed, under-resourced, and being asked to do more with less.

Most students are still expected to find their own placement. Many move interstate, take on unpaid hours, or quietly defer when no spot materialises. There is currently no central body in Australia coordinating placements. The system runs on goodwill, individual relationships, and the stamina of a few committed supervisors who keep saying yes.

 

The hidden half of the problem: who is preparing the people doing the teaching?

Here is the statistic that should stop every imaging company director in Australia in their tracks.

A landmark study of Australian sonography educators found that 49% of sonographers self-identified as primary clinical supervisors, and 58% of those had not completed any form of training program.

To be clear, a formal teaching course is not the only marker of a great clinical educator and frankly, requiring one would price most clinicians out of the role and make the placement crisis worse, not better. Some of the best sonography tutors we work with have not completed a formal training course. What they have done is something more useful: focused, intentional preparation in how to teach ultrasound skills and theory in real clinical time, with feedback, with confidence, and without burning out the trainee or themselves.

The real problem the data is pointing out is not the absence of a piece of paper. It is the absence of preparation, full stop. Roughly half our profession is supervising the next generation, and most of those supervisors have been thrown in the deep end with no structured preparation of any kind. No teaching framework, no observation toolkit, no feedback model, no protected time, no peer support, and until very recently, no national framework defining what good supervision even looks like.

It is a quiet form of professional injustice. And it is why so many otherwise wonderful sonographers eventually stop taking students. Not because they don’t care. Because no one ever invested in them as educators.

 

The career ladder that doesn’t exist

There is a third piece to this puzzle that the ASA’s recent work has brought sharply into focus: Australia and New Zealand still lack a dedicated career framework for sonographers, despite frameworks being well established in nursing, midwifery, allied health, and other medical imaging disciplines.

A competency framework tells you whether you are safe to scan. A career framework tells you where your career can go from there.

A 2025 cross-sectional survey of Australian and NZ sonographers found that 52% believed they could progress in their careers by providing specialist clinical services, but that progression looked very different depending on whether they worked in public or private settings. Sonographers already hold a Graduate Diploma or higher, so progression is rarely about more letters after a name. It is about recognition, scope, supervision, leadership, teaching, and research… the things that turn a great clinician into a great profession.

Without a career framework, the clinical educator role exists nowhere. It has no title, no defined capability set, no remuneration model, and no recognised pathway. So, it gets done off the side of a desk, by people who burn out doing it, and the cycle continues.

 

What IUE is doing about it

Integrated Ultrasound Education was founded in 2010 with one purpose: to train sonographers, and to invest in the experienced clinicians who teach them. Training has sat at the centre of everything we do. Clinical placements for student sonographers, advanced clinical workshops, and structured development for the supervisors carrying the next generation. The same people who deliver our scanning are the people who deliver our teaching, and that is deliberate. We built the model we knew the profession needed, as part of that profession affected by these issues.

Our response to the two-sided crisis sits on two equally important pillars.

1.  The IUE Clinical Training Program — for student sonographers

If you are a student or a prospective student, you do not need another lecture about how hard placements are to find. You need an actual placement, in an actual department, with actual sonographers who want you there.

The IUE Clinical Training Program offers structured, ASAR-aligned clinical training across our metropolitan WA sites. You scan real patients across general, obstetric and small parts work. You build your logbook with supervisors who teach because they choose to, not because they were assigned.

We don’t take large cohorts. We take the right number of trainees we can support to a high standard.

2.  The IUE Sonography Leadership and Clinical Educator Program — for experienced sonographers

This is the program we wish had existed for us a decade ago.

Our tutors at IUE have not completed a formal teaching course — and we are deliberate about that. What genuinely changes the quality of clinical teaching is not a postgraduate certificate in education. It is focused, intensive, practical preparation in how to teach a sonography skill in a working department, delivered by people who scan for a living and remember what it felt like to be the trainee.

That is the model the Sonography Leadership and Clinical Educator Program is built on. It is designed for experienced sonographers who already supervise — or want to — and who are ready to be invested in as educators and leaders, not just as scanning capacity. The program is short, structured, and intensive. It covers practical teaching frameworks for the sonography room, observation and feedback skills, supervision models, ergonomics and trainee wellbeing, navigating difficult conversations, and the foundations of clinical leadership.

It is not another academic qualification. It is the preparation we believe every clinical supervisor in Australia should already have had, delivered in a format that respects the reality of full lists, real patients, and a profession that doesn’t have time to spare.

It is for the person who has been “the one who takes the students” for years, and who deserves real skills, recognition, and a community of peers doing the same work.

When a national career framework eventually arrives, and it should, graduates of this program will already be where the profession is heading.

 

Why both audiences should care

If you are a student, the program you choose your placement through will shape the next years of your career. Choose a place that takes your development seriously.

If you are an experienced sonographer, you already know the workforce will not fix itself. The question is no longer whether to be involved in training the next generation, but whether you want to do it the way you were taught to, or better.

Australia does not have a sonographer shortage we can recruit our way out of. We have a teaching capacity problem, a recognition problem, and a career structure problem. Solve those, and the workforce numbers eventually take care of themselves.

That is the work. We would love your help with it.

 

Interested in the IUE Clinical Training Program? Get in touch with our training team to register your interest for the next intake.

Are you an experienced sonographer who wants to teach better, lead more, and be properly invested in? Expressions of Interest for the IUE Sonography Leadership and Clinical Educator Program are now open. Email admin@iuc.consulting

Integrated Ultrasound Education — training Australia’s sonographers, and the sonographers who train them. 

Basics techniques needed to evaluate the Appendix!


Typical indicators for an appendicitis are:

• Pain extending from umbilicus into the RIF (McBurney’s point)
• Loss of appetite +/- Fever
• +/- Nausea and vomiting
• Rebound tenderness
• Increased white cell count (WCC)

Atypical indicators:

• Pain localised to RIF
• Diarrhoea (Prolonged)
• Frequency of urination

Other signs can include:
• Rovsing’s Sign – Deep pressure in the LIF will cause pain in the RIF
• Psoas Sign – Inflamed appendix can put pressure on the psoas muscle. The patient flexes right hip for pain
relief.
• Obturator Sign – inflamed appendix which comes into contact with obturator internus can cause spasm when
flexing and internally rotating the hip.
(https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/appendicitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20369543)

Diagnosis can be made through:
• Patient History
• Clinical Examination
• WCC
• Ultrasound and +/- CT scan/MRI

HOW DO WE DIAGNOSE AN APPENDICITIS ON ULTRASOUND? KEY ELEMENTS.

Identify the appendix (Blind ended tube arising from the caecum)
Be aware that the appendix can sit in various positions. Using a clock face:

1 O’clock – Pre-ileal (Anterior to terminal ileum)
2 O’clock – Post-ileal (Posterior to terminal ileum)
5 O’clock – Pelvic (Over pelvic brim)
6 O’clock – Sub-caecal (Inferior to the caecum)
11 O’clock – Retro-caecal (Behind the caecum). Most common position.
https://teachmeanatomy.info/abdomen/gitract/appendix

Understand the layers that make up the bowel wall!


Sourced from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mucosa.jpg

Use a HIGH frequency linear probe, with an empty patient bladder.
Start scanning high in the abdomen over the ascending colon, and put increasing probe pressure (Graded compression) on when scanning inferiorly. This moves air from the bowel and improves visualisation.

  • Identify the caecum (characterised by large calibre, typically filled with gas/faecal material (hyperechoic), haustral folds – lobulated appearance, and very slow peristatic movement).
  • Identify the iliocaecal valve (Valve between small and large intestine)/terminal ileum  – Small bowel, narrow calibre, valvulae conniventes (smooth wall), visible peristalsis, fluid can be seen moving through.
  • Appendix

DIRECT SIGNS SEEN ON ULTRASOUND
• Non compressible blind ended tube (Appendix)
• Measuring > 7 mm in diameter
• Wall thickness > 3mm
• Appendicolith
• Target sign (Axial Position)
• Colour doppler – Hyperaemia (Ensure scale setting accordingly).
• Potentially avascular if necrotic.

INDIRECT SIGNS SEEN ON ULTRASOUND
• Free fluid (Around appendix and in POD)
• Hyperechoic mesenteric fat
• Enlarged lymph nodes

References:
Carroll D & Jacob K et al (2019) “Appendicitis” sourced May 2019
https://radiopaedia.org/articles/appendicitis
• Mostbeck G et al (2016) “How to diagnose an acute appendicitis: Ultrasound first” sourced May 2019
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4805616/
• Löfvenberg F and Salo M (2016) “Ultrasound for Appendicitis: Performance and Integration with Clinical
Parameters” sourced May 2019 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5156797/
• Puylaert JB (1986) Acute Appendicitis: US evaluation using graded compression sourced May 2019
https://pubs.rsna.org/doi/10.1148/radiology.158.2.2934762
• https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/appendicitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20369543)
• https://teachmeanatomy.info/abdomen/gi-tract/appendix/
• https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mucosa.jpg

Are Sonographers looking after themselves??


Written by Gail Crawford (Director/Tutor Sonographer at Integrated Ultrasound Education)

Recently Integrated Ultrasound Education (IUE) in conjunction with Angie Bain – director and wellbeing practitioner at ‘Survive to Thrive’ ran a “Counselling for Sonographers” session.

Angie is a fantastic, highly motivated and engaging presenter.

While most of you, like myself, have been to basic education sessions about counselling, and delivery of bad news; and studied the basic foundations at a  university level;  what really sparked my interest from Angie’s Talk and something that I really hadn’t considered at all was:

“Are sonographers looking after THEMSELVES……. mentally” ??????

I don’t really think this is something that I have ever really thought about in my role as a sonographer.

We are busy concentrating on our occupational health and safety, ergonomics; muscular pain and injury, which are all extremely important in our role as a Sonographer and definitely as a tutor; I talk to students on day one of training about the importance of ergonomics and its role in our profession.

As sonographers we can spend 20 – 30 min or even up to an hour with a patient.  Often, they confide in us, whether it is about their upcoming day, the tough time they are having in their lives with children not performing at school, having to move house, etc.  Often these conversations are intense/draining on the brain.  We are often involved in delivery of “Bad news”; a failed pregnancy or worse the demise of a third trimester pregnancy.  These circumstances never get any easier.  I have been scanning for 20 years and I can still outline the severely traumatising news I have had to give.  This can impact on us as Sonographers both mentally and physically.

Often after encountering these patients we are then required to continue with our normal days list.  Missing lunch, trying to keep on time.   When your list run’s late you can encounter more problems, like making silly mistakes, or patients being hostile/annoyed that you are running late.  You the sonographer has to manage these expectations, along with doing the best job possible

.

https://quotesgram.com/img/ultrasound-technician-quotes/3780469  – Love this quote…. so true!!

Have you ever really stopped and thought about yourselfSELFCARE ?

Angie provided us with a useful set of insights into how we can be mindful of our own mental health and wellbeing.

  • Have you debriefed about a situation with a colleague ? Does your practice have a policy regarding such stress/mental health scenarios? There are other help lines available such as Beyond Blue, Headsup and Lifeline.
  • Have you considered meditation ?
  • Have you considered that maybe your exhaustion at the end of the day is mental not physical and that getting your body moving with a leisure activity maybe helpful.
  • Love this point – Mums who are trying to juggle work/children – loose some mum guilt and give yourself some time for you (This really resonates with me a proud, but often overworked mum of two beautiful girls).

I love working as a sonographer and tutor sonographer.  It is such an amazing, challenging, rewording career, but until now I have never really considered the full enormity of what we offer.  Yes we are highly specialised practitioners, but along with offering the practical component of our occupation comes an inherent level of communication, counselling or involvement in delivery bad news.

Sonographers you are amazing and be kind to yourselves!!!